Levels of Biological Organisation: L4 Macroscopic populations
Collectives of organisms, such as bees and fish, that process environmental information to facilitate predator avoidance, temperature regulation or other functions.
Collectives of organisms, such as bees and fish, that process environmental information to facilitate predator avoidance, temperature regulation or other functions.
Dense active suspensions, such as those formed by swarming bacteria, constitute a type of active matter that is particularly hard to model.
The emergence of directed transport as a collective behaviour of many microscopic constituents is a ubiquitous problem in the statistical physics of active particles.
Active field theories are widely used to study collective effects in driven systems at all levels of organisation, allowing instabilities to pattern formation to be identified.